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The Rise of Experimental Gastronomy

by Nathen Dubé

Experimental gastronomy method of food spherification.

Yes, that’s food. This is an example of spherification, a discipline within the experimental gastronomy movement.

The culinary world has always been a playground for creativity and innovation, but a new wave of chefs has pushed the boundaries even further in recent years.

This movement, known as experimental gastronomy, is revolutionizing the way we think about food.

From molecular gastronomy to avant-garde cooking techniques, experimental gastronomy blends science and artistry to create unforgettable dining experiences.

The Essence of Experimental Gastronomy

At its core, experimental gastronomy is about challenging traditional culinary norms, and exploring new possibilities. Chefs in this field use cutting-edge techniques and unconventional ingredients to create dishes that surprise and delight the senses.

Employing unique techniques allows chefs and their teams to create experiences that go beyond taste alone. These include using liquid nitrogen to freeze herbs instantly, or employing spherification to turn liquids into spheres that burst in your mouth.

Innovative Techniques and Ingredients

One of the hallmarks of experimental gastronomy is the use of innovative techniques that transform familiar ingredients into something entirely new.

For instance, sous-vide cooking allows chefs to cook food at precise temperatures, resulting in perfect textures and flavors.

Another technique, fermentation, is used to develop complex flavors in unexpected ways. Ingredients like edible flowers, seaweed, and insects are also being explored for their unique flavors and nutritional benefits.

Sous-vide cooking: This method involves cooking food sealed in airtight bags in a water bath at controlled temperatures. It ensures even cooking, and enhances the food’s natural flavors and textures.
Fermentation: Used to develop complex flavors, this technique leverages the transformative power of microbes. Foods like kimchi, kombucha, and miso are products of fermentation.
Spherification: This technique, popularized by molecular gastronomy, turns liquids into small, caviar-like spheres, providing a burst of flavor.

The Role of Creativity and Science

Creativity and science are the driving forces behind experimental gastronomy. Chefs often collaborate with scientists and food technologists to develop new methods and ingredients.

This fusion of disciplines has led to groundbreaking discoveries, such as the creation of edible foams and gels. It also encourages chefs to think outside the box, combining flavors and textures in ways that defy convention.

Driving Factors Behind Experimental Gastronomy

Several factors are driving the rise of experimental gastronomy.

Unique dining experiences: In a competitive culinary landscape, restaurants strive to offer unique and memorable experiences that go beyond traditional dining.
Advancements in food technology: Modern tools and techniques enable chefs to experiment with new cooking methods and ingredients.
Sustainability and ethical dining: There is a growing interest in sustainable practices and ethical dining, prompting chefs to explore alternative ingredients and methods that minimize waste and environmental impact.

Food as Art

In the realm of experimental gastronomy, food is not merely sustenance but a form of art. Chefs act as artists, using their creativity to craft dishes that are visually stunning and emotionally evocative.

The presentation of food becomes a crucial element, with each plate designed meticulously to tell a story or evoke a specific emotion. This artistic approach transforms dining into a multi-sensory experience, engaging not just the taste buds but all the senses.

Case Studies of Innovative Dishes

Experimental gastronomy has produced some truly memorable dishes that challenge our perceptions of food.

Below, a handful examples of innovative dishes.

Forest Floor: This dish uses dehydrated mushrooms, edible soil, and moss to evoke the experience of walking through a forest.
Fermented Seaweed Salad: This dish showcases the complex umami flavors developed through fermentation, highlighting the potential of seaweed as a sustainable ingredient.
Edible Balloons: Made from flavored gelatin, these balloons are filled with helium, and can be eaten after inhalation, adding a playful element to the dining experience.

Insights into the Future of Culinary Experimentation

As experimental gastronomy continues to evolve, the future looks promising. With advancements in food technology and a growing interest in sustainable and ethical dining, chefs are exploring new ways to innovate.

The possibilities include:

Lab-grown meats: These are developed from animal cells in a lab, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional meat production.
Plant-based substitutes: Ingredients derived from plants that mimic the texture and flavor of meat, appealing to both vegetarians and meat-eaters.
Pop-up restaurants: Temporary dining establishments that offer unique and immersive culinary experiences, allowing chefs to experiment with new concepts without long-term commitments.

Moreover, the rise of immersive dining experiences, where the environment and presentation are as important as the food itself, suggests that the demand for experimental cuisine is only growing. Restaurants are increasingly using technology such as virtual reality and interactive elements to enhance the dining experience.

Experimental gastronomy represents the cutting edge of culinary innovation, pushing the boundaries of what is possible in the kitchen. Combining creativity, science, and a willingness to take risks helps chefs in this field redefine the dining experience.

As we look to the future, it’s clear that experimental gastronomy will continue to inspire and challenge us, offering new and exciting ways to experience food.

Image: Chef Rudakova on Unsplash

Lab-grown Chicken Makes its Move

by David Klemt

Lab-grown or cell-cultivated chicken from GOOD Meat.

A month after receiving USDA approval to serve lab-grown meat to restaurant guests, GOOD Meat and Upside Foods can boast support from two well-known chefs.

Lab-grown meat, also known as “cultivated” or “cell-cultivated” meat, has been approved by the USDA to be served to guests at two restaurants.

One, China Chilcano, is owned and operated by Chef José Andrés. The other restaurant debuting lab-grown meat is Bar Crenn by Chef Dominique Crenn. The former is in Washington, DC, while the latter is in San Francisco. Both GOOD Meat and Upside Foods operate out of California.

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Bar Crenn boasts one Michelin Star, and China Chilcano has enjoyed Bib Gourmand awards from the Michelin Guide for several years.

In other words, the two companies producing cell-cultivated meats and awarded USDA approval have chosen their debut restaurants well. These are high-profile, award-winning, exciting, and approachable restaurants run by revered chefs.

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Additionally, both Chef Andrés and Chef Crenn make their commitment to sustainability known. Further, Chef Crenn’s Atelier Crenn earned one of the first Green Star designations back in 2020. The restaurant also enjoys three Michelin Stars.

And we’re all well aware of Chef Andrés’ commitment to humanitarian efforts through World Central Kitchen, a non-profit organization KRG Hospitality supports.

It’s early days but we’ll be following the diner response to cultivated meats at China Chilcano and Bar Crenn.

Lab-grown Meats

Before I dive further into cell-cultivated meats, I’ll address a few big questions:

Is lab-grown meat plant-based?
Are these products vegetarian?
Are these products vegan?

The answer to all three questions is no.

To be very clear, lab-grown meats are produce using using animal cells. Therefore, these are animal proteins and animal products.

The GOOD Meat chicken nutrition label reads as follows: “Cell-Cultivated Chicken (cultivated chicken cells, salt), Wheat Gluten, Soy Protein Concentrate, Sunflower and Coconut Oils, Contains less than 2% of Modified Food Starch, Natural Flavors, Salt, Soy Lecithin. Contains Wheat, Soy.”

Upside Foods’ label reads: “Cell-cultivated chicken, Maltodextrin, Transglutaminase (Binding Agent).”

In short, this is chicken.

What’s the Point?

So, you may be wondering why anyone is producing cell-cultivated chicken. GOOD Meat and Upside Foods answer this question on their websites.

In an effort to be succinct, these companies want us to do away with the harm to animals, ourselves, and the planet that results from traditional meat production.

Using cell cultivation to produce meat, a single cell can, per GOOD Meat, produce an “infinite amount of meat.” Zero animal slaughter. Millions to billions of acres of land can be used for something besides raising and slaughtering animals.

As Upside Foods explains it, “At scale, it’s simply a more efficient, more humane, and more future-friendly way to grow high-quality meat for food lovers everywhere.”

Further, it’s theorized that lab-grown meat production cuts water use for beef production (as an example) in half, keeps pollution out of our oceans, and removes millions of tons of CO2 emissions.

I’m not an environmental scientist or specialist, nor am I involved in food production. However, if these claims are accurate, that’s a lot of positivity for the future of our planet.

Considerations

First, we can’t expect everyone to believe lab-grown meats are safe. Some meat consumers are simply not going to find these products appealing.

Second, an array of consumers will look at cell-cultivated meats through various ethical and moral lenses.

Third, just the words “lab grown” and even “cell cultivated” will turn some guests off trying these meat products.

And then there’s the fact that GOOD Meat and Upside Foods chicken products are just now finding their ways into restaurants in the US. And by restaurants, I mean two. Two restaurants in the whole of the US. It’s simply too soon to know how they’ll be received.

Finally, cost. Operators are already running on razor-thin margins. They must consider the cost of these items, and the cost of how they’re perceived by guests.

I’ll admit that, right now, I like the idea of cell-cultivated meat. If accurate, I like what these products may be able to do for our planet. I eat meat and I love the idea of animals not suffering harm, abuse, fear, and slaughter.

I would try GOOD Meat chicken. And I’d try Upside Foods chicken, along with their other cell-cultivated products (beef meatballs, duck, pork, etc.). But I’m just one person, and I don’t know how well-received these items will be throughout North America.

To operators, I say keep these foods on your radar. You should know your guests better than anyone else, so you only you know if they’re ready for lab-grown meats on your menu.

Image: GOOD Meat